Analysing the narrations which mentions the incident of "The Burning Door" (part 1)
- etemesi
- 2018-04-27
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Hadith study, authenticity, Burning door
Analysing the narrations which mentions the incident of "The Burning Door" (part 1)
Accusation :
The Shia's do not have any Authentic hadith to proove the event of 'Burning Door' and this narration has been classified as WEAK by several Shii'te scholars
Reply :
Authentication of hadith is subjective. A hadith could be graded as AUTHENTIC by one scholar/or one school of thought but it might not be acceptable for another scholar/or another school of thought. So there is not a single universal standard for every school in Islam and there are numerous differencea regarding the authentication of narrations and narrators. Thia kind of approach does not make any sense, as it is a very dishonest approach and it leaves a wide playground to apply the rules of one school of thought/or opinion of one scholar over the others
1. Sayyidah Fatima (sa) was a Martyr
Al-Kafi, v 1, pg 291, h 2
Mohammad ibn Yahya narrating al-Amraki ibn Ali narrating Ali b. Jafar narrating his brother Abul Hasan (ie. Imam Musa al Kazim ع) who said :
"Fatima is truthful and a MARTYR"
2. Narration attested by Allamah Mohammed Baqir Majlisi :
- SAHIH (Authentic)
"This report provides evidence that Fatima (sa) is a MARTYR. This report is Mutawaatir (Mass transmitted). The reason for that was when they usurped the Caliphate and the majority of the people pledged allegiance to them, they sent for Ali ع to pledge allegiance but he refused. Accordingly, Umar sent people to burn the house of Ahlulbayth ع and they wanted to force their entry, but Fatima (sa) resisted them at the door. So Qunfudh, Umar's servant pushed the door upon the belly of Fatima (sa) so her unborn got crushed and she miscarried her unborn child. And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ named him Mohsin ع . She (sa) got ill because of that and died because of that illness"
Mira'at al Uqool, v 5, pg 315/318
3. Shaykh Tusi in his book 'Talkhees al Shafi' , v 3, pg 156 states :
"And from what has been criticised for (Abu Bakr and Umar) hitting Fatimah (sa), it has been narrated
- THEY HIT HER WITH WHIPS
And what is famous and agreed upon among Shias is that Umar hit her on her stomach and resulted in the miscarriage (of Janab e Mohsin ع ), and the narration is also famous among them (Sunni's), and that they wanted to burn down the house upon her, when a group of people gathered in it and refused to pay allegiance to him (Abu Bakr) and no one can deny this narration because we have shown this narration from SUNNI sources through the path of 'Al-Baladhuri' and others, and the Shi'ee narrations about it are abundant (Mustafiz), they do not disagree on it (nothing against it)"
4. The Unborn Child Mohsin ع
Holy Prophet ﷺ named the UNBORNED child "Mohsin" and it is even mentioned in the books of opponents
Imam Ahmed ibn Hanbal says :
"The Prohet ﷺ named the unborn child of Fatima (sa) "Mohsin"
ibn Hanbal in Fadha'il al-Sahaba, Volume 2, pg 774, Tradition 1365
Al-Hakim in his book 'al-Mustadrak', Volume 3, pg 165, 168
Imam Ali ع said :
"Allah's Messenger ﷺ had named Fatimah’s
(sa) child Mohsin before he was born"
Al-Kafi, volume 6, pg 14, h 2
Al-Khisaal (eng), pg 1045
Bihar al Anwaar (eng), v 10, pg 156
Authentication of this hadith :
1. Allamah Mohammed Taqi Majlisi says in 'Rawdhatul Muttaqeen, v 8, pg 625 :
'It is Qawi (Strong)'
2. Syed Hashim Hashimi saiys in Hiwaar Ma'a Fadhullah, pg 314 :
'The chain of this narration is SAHIH (Authentic)'
3. Shaykh Ali Kurani says in 'al-Intisaar' , v 7, pg 223 :
'The chain of this narration is SAHIH (Authentic)'
5. Attack On Sayeda Fatima (sa)
Al-Tabari Al-Imaami :
Abu Hassan Mohammad ibn Haroon At-Talla Ukbari said: My father narrated to me. He said: Abu Ali b. Muhammad ibn Hamami ibn Suhayl narrated to me. He said: Ahmad ibn Mohammad ibn Al-Barqi narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad Al- Ash'ari Al-Qummi from Abdul-Ruhmun bin Abi Najr'an from Abdullah ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from Abu Basir from Abu Abdillah Jafar ibn Muhammad ع , he said :
"Bibi Fatima (sa) was born on the twenty of Jumad al Akhira in the forty fifth year from the birth of the Prophet ﷺ . And she resided in Makkah for eight years and in Madinah for ten years. And seventy five days after the death of her father, she passed away on the Tuesday of the third of Jumad al Akhira in the eleventh year from the Hijra. And the cause of her death was that Qunfudh, the slave of Umar pounded her with the nall (with the hilt of his sword) by his command. So she miscarried Mohsin ع and became sick from that with a severe illness. And she did not let anyone from those who had hurt her to enter upon her. And two men from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ asked Amir al Momineen ع to intercede for them. So she responded, and when they entered upon her they said to her: "How are you, O daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?" So she said: "Good, praise be to Allah" Then she said to them: "Have you not heard the Prophet ﷺ saying : Fatima (sa) is a piece of My flesh, so whoever has hurt her has hurt me, and whoever has hurt me has hurt Allah" They said: "Yes ! She said: "By Allah : You have hurt me" So they went out from her while she was displeased with them (Abu Bakr and Umar)
Dala'il al-Imamah, Pgs 134 - 135
Attestation of this hadith
A) Shaykh al Mamaqani :
- Its chain is Qawi (Strong)
Mir'atul Kamal, v 3, pg 267
B) Mirza Jawad al Tabrizi (student of Ayatullah Abul Qasim al Khoei) :
- Narrated in Dala'il al-Imamah through a Motabar (Reliable) chain
Sirat al Najaat, v 3, pg 441
C) Shaykh Jafar Murtada al Amili :
- The narration's chain is SAHIH (Authentic)
Ma'saat al Zahra, v 2, pg 65-66
D) Shaykh Abbas e Qummi :
- Mohammed bin Jarir al Tabari (the author of Dala'il al-Imamah) has narrated through RELIABLE chain
Bayt al Ahzaan, pg 189
E) Syed Abul Qasim al Khoei
- This (narration) is Famous (Mash'hoor) and Known
Sirat al Najaat, v 3, pg 314
What is a Mash'hoor hadith ??
Shahid al Thani says :
"And the 8th type (of hadith) is al-Mash'hoor (ie. the famous) that is the type which is widely spread amongst the scholars of Hadith"
Al-Riaya li Haal al Bidaya fi ilm al Diraya, v 1, pg 180
6. Companions of the Imam's ع regarding the attack
A) Sunni scholar ibn Abdur Rahman al Multi in his book 'al Tanbi wa al Rad ala Ahl al Hawa wa al Bidah' , pg 21, 22
Hisham said :
"And that Abu Bakr came to Fatemah (sa) and that he kicked ber stomach and so she had a miscarriage and the reason for her death was because of that and that He (Abu Bakr) usurped Fadak from her"
B) Fazl ibn Shazaan said :
"And Abu Bakr said in his illness as a result of which he died : 'I wish I had not attacked the house of Fatimah (sa) even though it was closed for fight' He regretted so his repentance is NOT except due to a sin"
Al-Idhaah, pg 518
Is Fazl ibn Shazaan trustworthy ??
Aimmah ع praising Fazl ibn Shazaan
Allamah Hilli said :
- Fazl ibn Shazaan ibn al Khalil Abu Mohammad ibn Azdi al Nayshaburi. His father was of the companions of Yunus and he has narrated from Abi Jafar Thani (Imam Mohammed al Jawad ع) and it is also said that he has narrated from Imam Ali Reza ع too, he is TRUSTWORTHY, a jurist of high position and a theologist. He has a high status in this creed (Tashayyu). It is said that he has written 180 books and Abu Mohammad (Imam Hasan al Askari ع) has send blessings upon him twice or thrice and al-Kashi has narrated from Aimmah ع praising him.
7. Sunni methodology of Censorship
A) ibn Uthaymeen said :
"Not to mention their (companions) vices that if any were done by anyone of them"
Sharh Lum'atul Ihtiqad, pg 151
B) ibn Fawzan said :
"It is NOT ALLOWED to talk (badly) about anyone of them (companions), and it is NOT PERMISSIBLE to seek their mistakes if some of them had any, then we do not find them and show them to people. This is NOT ALLOWED"
Sharh Lum'atul Ihtiqad, pg 249/252
C) al-Dhahabi said :
"If it was prooven that the speech of the fellows (companions) was based on hate and partisanship, then it would NOT BE ACCEPTABLE, but it would be folded and not narrated and it is argued that we must REFRAIN from mentioning a lot of quarrels between the companions and their fights"
Siyar a'lam al Nubala, v 10, pg 92
8. The Nasibi's scholars ACCEPTING the Famous and Mass transmitted reports
As previously mentioned, the incident of The Burning Door is Famous (Mash'hoor) and Mass transmitted (Mutawaatir) not only in Shia books, but also in Sunni books
Ibn Taymiyyah in his book 'Talkhis al Istighatha' v 1, pg 76 says :
"If a report was Famous among the experts that has several sources, this is something that the scholars ACCEPT as opposed to the things that does not fulfill that criteria"
9. Gathering in the House
Ibn Abd Rabbeh says in his book 'al-Iqd al Farid' , pg 13, chp - Those who refused to give Bayah to Abu Bakr :
"They were Ali, al Abbas, Zubayr and Sa'd b. Ubada amongst whom Ali, Abbas and Zubayr stayed in the house of Fatimah. At that time, Abu Bakr sent Omar b. al-Khattab with the order, that 'you remove those gathered in the house of Fatimah and if they refuse to come out then fight them'. Omar brought fire to the house of Fatimah, then Fatimah methim and said : 'O ibn al Khattab ! Have you arrived in order to set my home on fire ?' He (Omar) replied : 'Yess, unless if you people do what the rest of the Ummah have done (ie. pay allegiance)
Status of Ibn Abd Rabbeh and his book :
al-Dhahabi said :
"The very knowledgeable scholar, the literary writers, the historian, the author of 'Kitab al Iqd' Abu Omar Ahmed b. Mohammed b. Abd Rabbeh b. Habib b. Hadir al Marwani, servant of Amir of Andalus Hisham b. al Dagel al Andalusi al Qurtubi. He has heard from Baqi b. Mukhlid and a group of scholars, and he was TRUSTWORTHY, NOBLE, ELOQUENT in speech and a poet"
Siyar a'lam al Nubala, v 8, pg 282, person 126
The Burning Door
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